B1/B2 Visa: How to Apply and What to Prepare

If you’re planning to travel to the United States for meetings, medical treatment, or simply to visit family, you’ll need the right visa to enter lawfully. Many short-term visitors rely on the B1/B2 visa, the most common visa type issued by U.S. embassies and consulates around the world.

The B1/B2 visa allows foreign nationals to enter the U.S. temporarily for business (B1) or tourism and medical purposes (B2). It’s designed for travelers who only intend a short stay and do not qualify for the Visa Waiver Program or other long-term categories.

This guide walks you through everything you need to know, from eligibility and required documents to application steps, visa fees, and how to maintain lawful status throughout your stay. By understanding each stage clearly, you can navigate the process confidently and avoid common mistakes that lead to delays or denials.

What is the B1/B2 visa?

The B1/B2 visa is a non-immigrant visa for non U.S. citizens that allows foreign country nationals to visit the United States temporarily for business (B1) or tourism and medical treatment (B2). It is one of the most common U.S. visa categories issued by the Department of State through U.S. embassies and consulates worldwide.

A B1 visa issuance covers short-term business activities such as attending meetings, negotiating contracts, or participating in professional conferences. A B2 US tourist visa covers leisure travel, visiting family or friends, and receiving medical care.

Most applicants receive a combined B1/B2 visa, which allows both business and tourism activities during the same trip.

B1/B2 visa requirements

To qualify for a B1/B2 visa, you must convince a consular officer during your interview that your visit is temporary and that you have no intent to immigrate. Eligibility primarily depends on your purpose of travel, financial preparedness, and ties to your home country.

• Purpose of travel: You must show that your reason for visiting falls within permissible activities under the B categories. B1 covers short‑term business (such as attending meetings, conferences, or negotiations) while B2 includes tourism, visiting relatives, attending social events, or obtaining medical treatment.
• Temporary stay: You must demonstrate that your travel plans are specific and time‑bound. Consular officers typically expect visits of less than six months. Having a return ticket, a letter from your employer confirming leave, or clear itinerary details helps show that you intend to depart on schedule.
• Financial capacity: You must prove you can pay for your trip without working in the U.S. Supporting evidence often includes recent bank statements, employment verification, or sponsor affidavits if someone else covers your costs.
• Ties to your home country: Strong social, economic, and professional connections( such as employment, property ownership, dependent family members, or active studies) demonstrate that you will return after your visit. Failing to establish such ties is the most common reason for visa denial under Section 214(b).
• Nonimmigrant intent: The B1/B2 visa permits only temporary visits. You must show that you do not plan to immigrate, work, or reside permanently in the U.S. Having pending immigrant petitions, job offers, or U.S. family sponsorship applications can complicate your case unless clearly contextualized.

Important note: Working, studying, or engaging in productive employment while on a B1/B2 visa is prohibited. Doing so can result in immediate visa cancellation and possible future entry bans.

B1/B2 visa length of stay

Understanding how long you can legally remain in the United States is essential to maintaining a valid visitor status. Your B1/B2 visa does not automatically determine how long you can stay. It only allows you to request entry at a U.S. port of entry. 

The actual duration of your visit depends on decisions made by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) once you arrive.

Knowing the difference between visa validity and authorized stay is key to managing timelines, planning your departure, and avoiding inadvertent overstays.

• Visa validity: The period during which you can use the visa to enter the U.S. It can range from a few months to 10 years, depending on your nationality and reciprocity agreements.
• Authorized stay: The time you are allowed to remain in the U.S. per visit, typically up to six months. The exact duration is determined by the Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officer at the port of entry and recorded on your Form I-94 (arrival/departure record).

You may request an extension of stay by filing Form I-539 (Application to Extend/Change Nonimmigrant Status) with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) before your authorized period of stay expires. Extensions are usually granted for up to another six months if you maintain a valid status and provide a legitimate purpose of your trip.

Important note: Overstaying your authorized period can lead to visa cancellation and future entry bans.

B1/B2 visa documents checklist

Document preparation is one of the most decisive factors in a successful B1/B2 visa application. Every form, certificate, and statement you submit serves to demonstrate that your purpose is genuine, your plans are temporary, and your financial and personal circumstances align with U.S. visitor requirements.

The consular officer will rely heavily on these materials when assessing your credibility, so accuracy and consistency are critical.

• Valid passport: Must be valid for at least six months beyond your intended stay.
• Form DS-160 confirmation page: The online nonimmigrant visa application form.
• Visa appointment confirmation: Proof of your scheduled interview at a U.S. embassy or consulate.
• Visa fee receipt: Confirmation of payment for the nonrefundable application fee.
• Photograph: Recent passport-style photo that meets Department of State specifications.
• Proof of financial means: Bank statements, pay slips, or tax records showing your ability to fund your trip.
• Travel itinerary: Flight bookings, hotel reservations, or invitation letters from U.S. contacts.
• Employment or business visitor documents: Employer letter, business registration, or conference details for B1 travelers.
• Medical documentation: For B2 medical visits, include diagnosis, treatment plan, and cost estimates from U.S. healthcare providers.

How to apply for a B1/B2 visa

The B1/B2 visa application process involves several steps managed by the U.S. Department of State. Here’s how it works:

Step 1: Complete Form DS-160

Fill out Form DS-160 online. This form collects your personal, travel, and background information. After submission, print the confirmation page with the barcode. You will need it for your interview.

Step 2: Pay the visa application fee

The B1/B2 visa fee is $185. Payment methods vary by country and embassy. Keep the receipt as proof of payment; it’s required to schedule your interview.

Step 3: Schedule your visa appointment

Book your B1/B2 visa appointment at the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate. Wait times differ by location, so check the U.S. visa appointment wait times page for current estimates.

Applicants aged 14-79 must attend an in-person interview. Children under 14 and adults over 79 may qualify for interview waivers in some countries.

Step 4: Attend the visa interview

Bring your passport, DS-160 confirmation, appointment letter, and supporting documents. The consular officer will ask questions about your travel purpose, employment, and ties to your home country. Be concise and truthful.

If approved, your passport will be kept temporarily for visa stamping. If denied, you will receive a written explanation citing the relevant section of U.S. immigration law.

Step 5: Receive your visa and prepare for travel

Once issued, your passport will be returned with the visa stamp. Review the details carefully, especially your name, passport number, and visa validity dates, before traveling.

B1/B2 visa fees

Understanding the costs involved with this visa type helps you budget for the application and any possible extensions.

Most fees are standardized worldwide, though reciprocity and country-specific policies can change the total amount.

Here’s a breakdown of typical costs associated with the B1/B2 visa process:

Step-by-step renewal process

Step 1: Confirm eligibility
Visit your local U.S. embassy or consulate website to review eligibility rules for the Interview Waiver Program. Generally, you may qualify if:

• Your most recent B1/B2 visa is still valid or expired within the last 48 months.
• You have not been refused a U.S. visa since your last approval.
• You are applying in the same country and visa classification as before.
• You continue to meet all visitor visa requirements, including non-immigrant intent.

Step 2: Complete a new Form DS-160
Fill out Form DS‑160 online with updated travel, employment, and background details. Accuracy matters—your renewal will be processed based on this form and your previous record. Print the confirmation page with the application barcode for submission.

Step 3: Pay the visa fee
Pay the nonrefundable application fee (currently $185) through the official payment portal or designated bank referenced on your embassy’s website. Keep the payment confirmation receipt; it’s required for your submission.

Step 4: Prepare your renewal package
Assemble the required items for submission through your consulate’s authorized courier service or designated drop‑off center. This typically includes:

• A valid passport (and any old passports containing your prior U.S. visa)
• The DS‑160 confirmation page
• A recent passport‑style photo meeting Department of State requirements
• A visa fee receipt and interview waiver confirmation (if provided)
• Supporting documents such as proof of employment, financial records, and updated travel plans

Step 5: Submit through the correct channel
Follow your embassy’s instructions for scheduling a document submission appointment or courier drop‑off. Ensure all documents are labeled and organized before sending them. If your case is selected for an in‑person interview, you’ll be notified via email or portal message.

Step 6: Track your application
You can monitor your case status through the Consular Electronic Application Center (CEAC) using your DS‑160 confirmation number. Processing times vary by location, but most renewals are completed within several weeks if no additional review is required.

Step 7: Receive your passport
Once processed, your passport will be returned by mail or the courier you selected. Check that all information on your visa—name, nationality, category, and validity period—is correct before planning future travel.

Important note: Even after renewal, you must continue complying with all B1/B2 visa conditions. Having a valid visa does not automatically guarantee entry; U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers determine your authorized stay each time you arrive.

Common reasons for B1/B2 visa denial

Visa refusals most often occur under Section 214(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, which requires applicants to prove that their intent to visit the United States is temporary and non‑immigrant in nature. A denial does not mean you are permanently barred; however, you must clearly address the reasons before reapplying. Below are the issues that most frequently lead to refusal and how they are interpreted by consular officers.

• Weak ties to your home country: The most common cause of denial. If you cannot demonstrate strong social, economic, or professional connections (such as steady employment, property ownership, family obligations, or long‑term education), officers may assume you intend to remain in the U.S. beyond your visit.
• Unclear or inconsistent travel purpose: Officers must be fully satisfied that your reason for travel is legitimate and matches your documentation. Mismatched details between your DS‑160 form and interview (such as saying you’re visiting family when your documents show business meetings) create doubts. 
• Insufficient financial evidence: You must prove you can pay for your trip independently or that your sponsor has the means and intent to support you. Submitting incomplete bank statements, outdated employment records, or unverifiable income can trigger doubts about how you will fund travel, lodging, and basic expenses during your stay.
• Previous immigration violations or overstays: A history of staying in the U.S. past your authorized period, working without permission, or breaching visa terms undermines credibility. Depending on the circumstances, it can lead to short‑ or long‑term inadmissibility. Clear documentation that demonstrates compliance in subsequent visits (or evidence of unique circumstances) is essential for future applications.
• Misrepresentation or incomplete disclosure: Omitting information or providing inaccurate answers on your DS‑160, even unintentionally, can result in an immediate refusal under Section 212(a)(6)(C) for misrepresentation.
• Travel history concerns: Limited or no travel record can make it harder to prove that you will adhere to foreign travel norms. While first‑time travelers can still be approved, showing lawful travel to other countries with timely departures helps demonstrate compliance and strengthens trust.
• Public‑charge or intent‑to‑work suspicion: If the officer believes you may seek U.S. employment or struggle financially while visiting, your application may be refused. Clear proof of employment, ongoing education, or business ownership at home provides assurance that you will return.

If your B1/B2 visa is denied, you may apply again at any time. There is no waiting period. Success on reapplication, however, depends on how thoroughly you address the reasons for the previous refusal. Strengthening documentation, clarifying intent during the interview, and seeking professional review of your application can significantly improve your chances of approval.

Key compliance reminders

Once your visa is issued, compliance becomes your responsibility. Simple habits (tracking your I‑94 dates, avoiding unauthorized work, and keeping copies of your documents) protect your record and prevent issues in future travel.

• Depart the U.S. before your I-94 expiration date.
• Do not work, study, or enroll in long-term training on a B1/B2 visa.
• Carry proof of return travel and financial means when entering the U.S.
• Keep copies of your DS-160, I-94, and visa stamp for future applications or renewals.
• If your passport expires while your visa is still valid, travel with both the old and new passports.

Partner with experts who make your U.S. visa process seamless

Applying for a B1/B2 visa can feel complex, but success always comes down to preparation, accuracy, and understanding how each requirement works together. With the right information and careful planning, you can approach the process confidently and travel without unnecessary setbacks.

Lighthouse provides the structure and support that transforms preparation into peace of mind. From reviewing DS‑160 applications and organizing documentation to ensuring every proof of intent and financial record meets Department of State standards, our team brings clarity to a process often filled with uncertainty. Whether you’re a business traveler, medical visitor, or tourist, we help you move from confusion to confidence.

Ready to simplify your travel planning? Discover how Lighthouse can help you prepare a precise, compliant, and stress‑free B1/B2 visa application.

Start your visitor visa evaluation today →

FAQs

How long can I stay in the U.S. on a B1/B2 visa?

You can stay up to six months per visit, as determined by the CBP officer at entry. If you need more time, you can apply for an extension using Form I-539 before your authorized stay expires. Lighthouse can help you prepare the extension package to meet USCIS standards.

Can I work in the U.S. with a B1/B2 visa?

No. The B1/B2 visa allows temporary visits for business, tourism, or medical treatment, not employment. You may attend meetings, conferences, or training under B1 status, but you cannot earn income from a U.S. source or perform hands‑on work. Violating this rule can result in immediate visa cancellation or future travel ineligibility.

What is the difference between B1 and B2 visas?

The B1 visa is for short‑term business purposes such as meetings, negotiations, or attending professional events. The B2 visa is for tourism, family visits, or medical treatment. Most travelers receive a combined B1/B2 visa, which allows participation in both business and leisure activities during the same trip.

Can I study on a B1/B2 visa?

Only a limited, non‑academic study is permitted. You can take short recreational or non‑credit courses, but you cannot enroll in a degree, diploma, or credit‑bearing program. For full‑time study in the United States, you’ll need an F1 visa issued through a Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)‑certified institution.

How do I renew my B1/B2 visa?

If your previous visa expired within the last 48 months, you may qualify for renewal without an interview. Submit a new DS-160, pay the fee, and follow your embassy’s drop-box or courier instructions. Lighthouse can review your renewal documents to help avoid common errors.

What happens if I overstay my B1/B2 visa?

Overstaying can result in visa cancellation and future entry bans. If you need more time, file Form I-539 before your authorized stay ends. Lighthouse can assist with extension filings to help maintain lawful status.

Can Lighthouse help with my B1/B2 visa application?

Yes. Lighthouse reviews your DS-160, organizes supporting documents, and provides expert guidance to strengthen your case before your interview. The process helps reduce errors and improve approval outcomes.

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